External occupational reports of NRC workers are provided to health physics group by the National Protection Department. These results as preliminary data are registered to a computer program that was designed using FoxBASE and Excel software by the authors. The output data provided by this program include monthly and annual intakes DOSE as well as external DOSE of workers in each department. The results show that during 1367 to 1382, the highest value of external intake DOSE is on an average 1.26mSv for the Radioisotope Department and the lowest value is on an average O.48mSv for the Nuclear Biotechnology Department. Also, we have found that the workers intake the highest DOSE in 1371, 1372 and 1381; and the lowest value is in 1367.

Background: Phototherapy is an important modality in dermatology and the number of skin diseases which can be controlled with it IS mcreasmg. In order to start treatment, the first DOSE of phototherapy is determined by measurement of minimal erythema DOSE (MED) in each patient individually or according to patient"s skin type. Objective: To determine the relationship of skin type with MED in patients under UV phototherapy referred to Razi Hospital in Tehran Patients and Methods: In patients referred to Razi Hospital in 1381(2002-2003) for UVB phototherapy, skin type was determined according to Fitzpatrick"s classification and MED was measured using a UV-meter. Age, sex and the disease of the patients were also recorded. The data were analysed using one way ANOVA and Welch tests. Results: Eighty patients including 39 males and 41 females were studied. The mean age of the patients was 32 years (SD=15.8). Their diseases include psonasls, vitiligo, parapsoriasis, pityriasis lichenoides chronica, perforating disorder and patch stage mycosis fungoides. The mean of MED in 17patients with skin type Il was 111.8±39.2, in 42 patients with skin type III was 105.9±43.1 and in 21 patients with skin type IV was l14.3±39.2 mJ/cm2 , with no significant statistical difference. Conclusion: The first DOSE of phototherapy could not be determined based on skin type and measurement of MED is necessary in each patient.

Organ DOSE and effective DOSE were estimated for one hundred patients (50 males and 50 females) who were reffered to Mashhad Ghaem Hospital for chest X-ray examination.ODS-60 software was employed for organ DOSE calculation. This software is capable of computing absorbed DOSE of 26 organs as well as effective DOSE. This programme is based on the ICRP-60 recommendation and Monte Carlo technique. Our results show that in PA chest X-ray lung absorbs the highest DOSE. The average value for males and females equals to 1.01± 0.14 and 0.58±0.10 mGy respectively. The resulting effective DOSE for men and women are equal to 0.246 ±0.034 and 0.178±0.033 mSv accordingly.Effective DOSEs obtained from this research were compared with the results of other workers, also with NRPB national reference DOSE levels. It is concluded that effective DOSE as computed in this work is several times higher than similar quantities published by other workers. It implies that X-ray diagnostic procedures in Mashhad Ghaem Hospital should be re-examined and all efforts have to be made to reduce patient DOSE.

In this paper, it is supposed that there are only two countries in the world, with two different population growth rates, depend on two factors for production and own two sectors in producing goods. An analytical generalized equilibrium model has been used to explore possible implications of population dyriamics differential for external trade. (Research group was a combination of the young and the elderly). The pre- supposed countries are characterized by identical preferences for consumption and production technologies as in the Hechscher- Ohlin framework. The results of this research indicate that. Differences in population growth rates create comparative advantages in the same way as suggested in Hechscher- Ohlin model, but contrary to the predictions by this model, free trade would not necessarily cause welfare gains for both of them. This research paper mainly aims to demonstrate the role, importance and advantages of work power in the process of production and trade.

The post-operative pain management by a single DOSE of solcosery paste was evaluated. Eighteen patients (nine men,nine women)suffering from mild to moderate adult periodontitis were selected. In The treatment group the solcoserylpaste was applied on the surgical area. There was no significant difference between the treatment control group.

Background and purpose: Neuromuscular relaxants are one group of the important drugs in providing good condition for tracheal intubation and operation. Rapid intubation is needed in most situations. Also, most of non- depolarizing relaxants almost have long onset time. We compared the priming with pancrunium and atracurium in providing good and rapid relaxation for tracheal intubation. Materials and Methods: In this prospective study, 65 patients with ASA class I, II were randomized into two groups. Group A received pancrunium and group B received atracurium. Primimg DOSE was injected as 20% of total DOSE of relaxant. Twitching response was measured with peripheral nerve stimulator. Intubation was done when % 80 of the twitching response disappeared. The time of total disappearance of twitching response was also recorded. Results: The mean time for the injection of the first DOSE of relaxant until the time of intubation was 94.47 seconds in group A and 142.9 seconds in group B, which were significantly different (P<0/01). If intubation until the time of twitch response is detained, the time gap of group A will again be less than group B (P<0/01).Conclusion: In priming technique, the time of tracheal intubation with pancrunium is significantly less than atracurium. So, considering the patient's condition and the need for rapid relaxation, pancrunium could be is a better relaxant than atracurium.